NYC Building Code: Minimum Ceiling Heights

1208.2 Minimum ceiling heights. Habitable rooms and spaces shall have a ceiling height of not less than 8 feet (2438 mm). Occupiable spaces and corridors shall have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet 6 inches (2286 mm). Bathrooms, toilet rooms, kitchens in other than I-1 and R occupancies, kitchenettes in I-1 or R occupancies, storage rooms and laundry rooms shall be permitted to have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm). All measurements shall be taken from the finished floor to the finished underside of the ceiling or ceiling beams.

Exceptions:

1. In one- and two-family dwellings, beams or girders spaced not less than 4 feet (1219 mm) on center may project not more than 6 inches (152 mm) below the required ceiling height, provided that a clear height of 7 feet (2134 mm) is maintained.

2. Habitable rooms in basements of one-family dwellings, including any projecting beams, shall have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm).

3. Habitable rooms in basements of multiple dwellings may have as many as four beams crossing the ceiling if none of the beams exceeds 12 inches (305 mm) in width or extends below the ceiling more than 6 inches (152 mm).

4. Spaces above and below a mezzanine, other than habitable spaces, shall have a ceiling height of not less than 7 feet (2134 mm).

NYC Occupiable & Habitable Space Defnitions

1202.1 General. The following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this chapter and as used elsewhere in this code, have the meanings shown herein.

HABITABLE SPACE. All rooms and spaces within a dwelling unit in Group R or I-1, including bedrooms, living rooms, studies, recreation rooms, kitchens, dining rooms and other similar spaces.

Exception: The following spaces within a dwelling unit shall not be considered habitable spaces:

1. A dining space 55 square feet (5.1 m²) or less located off a living room, foyer or kitchen;

2. A kitchenette;

3. A bathroom or toilet room;

4. A laundry room; and

5. A corridor, passageway, or private hall; and a foyer used as an entrance hall in a dwelling unit: not exceeding 10 percent of the total floor area of the dwelling unit; or not exceeding 20 percent of the floor area of the dwelling unit where every habitable room is at least 20 percent larger than the required minimum room sizes established by the New York City Housing Maintenance Code.

KITCHEN. A room with 80 square feet (7.4 m²) or more of floor area which is intended, arranged, designed or used for cooking or warming of food.

KITCHENETTE. A space with less than 80 square feet (7.4 m²) of floor area which is intended, arranged, designed or used for cooking or warming of food.

OCCUPIABLE SPACE. A room or enclosed space, other than a habitable space, designed for human occupancy or use in which individuals may remain for a period of time for rest, amusement, treatment, education, dining, shopping, employment, labor or other similar purposes.

THERMALLY ISOLATED SUNROOM ADDITION. A one-story addition added to an existing building with a glazed area in excess of 40 percent of the gross area of its exterior walls and roof, with a separation of conditioned spaces, between such addition and a dwelling unit, consisting of existing or new wall(s), doors and/or windows.

The Revit Kid.com!: Revit Tutorial - Creating and Modifying Surface Patterns ( .pat files)

The Revit Kid.com!: Revit Tutorial - Creating and Modifying Surface Patterns ( .pat files):

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Cold Formed Metal Framing - archtoolbox.com

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The Jack Arch

Jack arch

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A jack arch is a structural element in masonry construction that provides support at openings in the masonry. Alternate names are "flat arch" and "straight arch".
Unlike regular arches, jack arches are not semicircular in form. Instead, they are flat in profile and are used under the same circumstances as lintels. Unlike lintels, which are subject to bending stress, jack arches are composed of individual masonry elements cut or formed into a wedge shape that efficiently uses the compressive strength of the masonry in the same manner as a regular arch. Like regular arches, jack arches require a mass of masonry to either side to absorb the considerable lateral thrust created by the jack arch.
Jack arches have the advantage of being constructed from relatively small pieces of material that can be handled by individuals, as opposed to lintels which must necessarily be monolithic and which must be oversized unless reinforced by other means.
In small-scale brick masonry projects, jack arches are typically sawn from an appropriately sized fired-clay lintel, giving a more precise and consistent joint width than field-sawn shapes.
There is considerable scope for incorporation of decorative patterns and elements into jack arches. Keystones, stepped or arched top profiles and polychrome or contrasting colors and materials may all be used to create the desired effect.

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How to build a strong economy? Architecture jobs | Marketplace.org

From How to build a strong economy? Architecture jobs | Marketplace.org:

America is slowly getting back to work. The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today that the number of non-farm related jobs in this country grew by 236,000 in February, and unemployment fell a little to 7.7 percent.

“Regardless of what’s going on in Washington, we’re seeing significant growth in the private sector of the economy. And that really is the big story,” said Bernie Baumohl, chief global economist at the Economic Outlook Group in Princeton. “I think Americans are just generally more confident that this economy is real. That it’s sustainable. That it’s growing. Companies are therefore willing to ramp up employment.”

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New York City Smoke Alarm Interconnection

907.2.10.3 Interconnection. Where more than one smoke alarm or detector is required to be installed within an individual dwelling unit in Group R-2, R-3, or within an individual dwelling unit or sleeping unit in Group R-1, the smoke alarms or detectors shall be interconnected in such a manner that the activation of one alarm or detector will activate all of the alarms or detectors in the individual unit. The alarm or detector shall be clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels with all intervening doors closed.

New York City Smoke Alarm Locations

907.2.10.1.1 Smoke alarms in Groups R-2, R-3, and I-1. Single- or multiple-station smoke alarms shall be installed and maintained in Groups R-2, R-3, and I-1, regardless of occupant load at all of the following locations within a dwelling unit:

1. On the ceiling or wall outside of each room used for sleeping purposes within 15 feet (4572 mm) from the door to such room.

2. In each room used for sleeping purposes.

3. In each story within a dwelling unit, including below-grade stories and penthouses of any area, but not including crawl spaces and uninhabitable attics. In dwellings or dwelling units with split levels and without an intervening door between the adjacent levels, a smoke alarm installed on the upper level shall suffice for the adjacent lower level provided that the lower level is less than one full story below the upper level.

NYC Stairway Access to Roof

1009.12.1 Occupancy Groups I-1, R-1 and R-2. In buildings in Occupancy Groups I-1, R-1 and R-2 two stories or more in height, with roofs having a slope of 15 degrees (0.26 rad)‡ or less, all interior stairs, except those terminating at the level of a setback roof, shall extend to the roof surface.

Exceptions:

1. In buildings in Occupancy Groups R-1 and R-2 two stories in height and in Occupancy Group R-2 three stories in height with not more than one dwelling unit per story, access to the roof shall be permitted to be a noncombustible roof hatch or trap door not less than 21 inches (533 mm) in width and 28 inches (711 mm) in length. Such hatches shall be located within the stair enclosure and be provided with a stationary, noncombustible access ladder or alternating tread device.

2. In buildings in Occupancy Group R-2 complying with Item 4 of Section 1018.2, roof access shall be governed by Item 4.6 of such section.

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New York City Fire Code Rooftop Access

504.4.1 Rooftop access.

Access to building rooftops shall be provided as follows:

1. For each 12 linear feet (3658 mm) of building perimeter accessible from the frontage

space of the building and from any other exposure accessible to fire apparatus, a

minimum clearance of 6 feet (1829 mm) in width and 6 feet (1829 mm) in depth from

any obstruction shall be provided at the parapet wall or other perimeter of the rooftop.

Where such building perimeter is 24 linear feet (7315 mm) or greater, but less than 36

linear feet (10 973 mm), the required clearance openings shall be separated by a

distance of not less than 12 linear feet (3658 mm). Where such building perimeter is 36

linear feet (10 973 mm) or greater, the required clearance openings may be contiguous,

provided, however, that such contiguous openings shall not exceed 12 linear feet (3658

mm) and shall be separated from other required clearance openings by a distance of not

less than 12 linear feet (3658 mm). Each exposure accessible by fire apparatus may be

treated separately for purposes of locating clearance openings and otherwise complying

with the requirements of this provision.

2. A minimum clearance of 6 feet (1829 mm) in all directions shall be provided from

each door opening onto a rooftop from a dwelling unit, stairway, bulkhead, or other

occupied space or means of egress, as measured from the door hinge.

3. A minimum clearance of 3 feet (914 mm) in all directions shall be provided from any

fire escape or rooftop access ladder, as measured from each side of the ladder or

landing.

504.4.2 Rooftop obstructions.

Unobstructed space shall be provided on rooftops sufficient

to allow firefighting operations, as follows:

1. A clear path of not less than 6 feet (1829 mm) horizontal width and 9 feet (2743 mm)

in height shall be provided from the front of the building to the rear of the building and

from one side of the building to the other, except that a conduit or pipe in compliance

with the requirements of this section may cross such path. Such clear path shall be

accessible from each point of the rooftop access from which clearance is required

pursuant to Section 504.4.1.

2. To the maximum extent practicable, conduits, including cable trays, and piping, shall

be installed on the rooftop side of the parapet wall. If such installation is not

practicable, conduits and piping shall be installed along the periphery of the rooftop, in

order to minimize rooftop obstructions. Steps or ramps constructed of non-combustible

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material and equipped with railings shall be provided in the clear paths for any conduits

or piping installations that exceed 1 foot (305 mm) in height above the rooftop. All

conduits and piping installations shall be color coded with continuous, durable and

weatherproof reflective or luminescent markings as follows:

2.1. High voltage wiring

. Red.

2.2. Low voltage wiring

. Orange.

2.3. Natural gas piping

. Yellow.

2.4. Other compressed gas piping

. Yellow, labeled at regular intervals with the type

of gas.

2.5. Fuel oil piping
. Yellow with black stripes.

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